| 2022 | Project Hail Mary | Hugo Award (book categories) source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Finalist · Novel | |
| 2021 | Project Hail Mary | Goodreads Choice Awards source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Winner · Science Fiction | |
| 2021 | Project Hail Mary: A Novel | Chicago Public Library Best of the Best source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Best Books | |
| 2021 | Project Hail Mary: A Novel | New York Public Library Best Books source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Best Books for Adults | |
| 2021 | Project Hail Mary | Barack Obama's Favorite Books source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Favorite Books | |
| 2021 | Project Hail Mary | Kirkus Best Books of the Year source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Fiction | |
| 2021 | Project Hail Mary | Bill Gates' Summer and Holiday Books source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Holiday Books | |
| 2021 | Project Hail Mary | Library Journal Best Books source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · SF/Fantasy | |
| 2021 | Project Hail Mary | Barack Obama's Favorite Books source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Summer Reading | |
| 2021 | Project Hail Mary | Amazon Editors' Best Books of the Year source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Top 10 | |
| 2018 | The Martian | Goodreads Choice Awards source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Nominee · Best of the Best | |
| 2017 | Artemis | Goodreads Choice Awards source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Winner · Science Fiction | |
| 2017 | Artemis | Esquire Best Books of the Year source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Best Books | |
| 2017 | Artemis | Barnes & Noble Best Books of the Year source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Fiction | |
| 2015 | The Martian | Alex Awards source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Winner · Adult Books for Teens | |
| 2015 | The Martian | John W. Campbell Memorial Award for Best Science Fiction Novel source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Finalist · Best Science Fiction Novel | |
| 2015 | The Martian | Thriller Awards source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Nominee · Best First Novel | |
| 2014 | The Martian | Goodreads Choice Awards source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Winner · Science Fiction | |
| 2014 | The Martian | Goodreads Choice Awards source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Nominee · Debut Goodreads Author | |
| 2014 | The Martian: A Novel | Chicago Public Library Best of the Best source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Best Books: More Fiction | |
| 2014 | The Martian: A Novel | NPR Books We Love source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Books We Love | |
| 2014 | The Martian | Kirkus Best Books of the Year source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Fiction | |
| 2014 | The Martian | The Wall Street Journal Best Books of the Year source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Fiction | |
| 2014 | The Martian | Publishers Weekly Best Books source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Mystery | |
| 2014 | The Martian | Financial Times Best Books of the Year source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Science Fiction | |
| 2014 | The Martian | Library Journal Best Books source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Thrillers | |
| 2013 | The Martian | The Irish Times Best Books of the Year source ↗ (opens in a new tab) | Selection · Books of the Year | |